: Although chlorine is an electron withdrawing group yet it is ortho

: Although chlorine is an electron withdrawing group yet it is ortho – para directing in electrophilic aromat?

: Although chlorine is an electron withdrawing group yet it is
ortho – para directing in electrophilic aromatic substitution reactions?

Halogens are ortho/para directors, since they possess an unshared pair of electrons just as nitrogen does. However, the stability this provides is offset by the fact that halogens are substantially more electronegative than carbon, and thus draw electron density away from the pi system. This destabilizes the cationic intermediate, and EAS occurs less readily. Halogens are therefore deactivating groups.

This entry was posted on Thursday, July 15th, 2010 at 4:55 pm and is filed under aromat. You can follow any responses to this entry through the RSS 2.0 feed. You can leave a response, or trackback from your own site.

One Response to “: Although chlorine is an electron withdrawing group yet it is ortho – para directing in electrophilic aromat?”

Limerent Lover on July 15th, 2010 at 10:02 pm

Halogens are ortho/para directors, since they possess an unshared pair of electrons just as nitrogen does. However, the stability this provides is offset by the fact that halogens are substantially more electronegative than carbon, and thus draw electron density away from the pi system. This destabilizes the cationic intermediate, and EAS occurs less readily. Halogens are therefore deactivating groups.
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